King penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) with introduced reindeer at breeding and nesting colony at St. Andrews Bay on South Georgia, Southern Ocean, Polar Regions

king penguin reindeer nesting wildlife polar regions animal interaction nature conservation habitat ecosystems biodiversity penguin behavior reindeer grazing cold climate biology species coexistence animal observation scientific study natural habitat fauna avian species herbivore carnivore ecosystem balance migration breeding season wildlife documentary reindeer herd animal behavior environmental impact ecological study animal territories mating rituals survival remote ecosystems polar wildlife conservation areas endemic species animal migration ecosystem dynamics king penguin aptenodytes patagonicus introduced breeding