An adult bull introduced reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) before eradication in Stromness Bay, South Georgia, Polar Regions

reindeer eradication wildlife antlers grazing landscape fauna introduction conservation nature ecosystems animal behavior biodiversity habitat tundra north atlantic herbivore terrestrial cold climate adaptation migration populations grasslands wildlife management ecological impact invasive species reintroduction animal rights winter habitat seasonal changes animal tracking ecological studies natural history polar fauna wildlife observation native species environmental protection animal habitats adult bull introduced rangifer tarandus before stromness bay