The 3,500 year-old mud-brick Western Deffufa, the seat of the first independent kingdom of Kush, Kerma, Sudan, Africa

The 3,500 year-old mud-brick Western Deffufa, the seat of the first independent kingdom of Kush, Kerma, Sudan, Africa

The 3,500 year-old mud-brick Western Deffufa, the seat of the first independent kingdom of Kush, Kerma, Sudan, Africa

Kerma, Nubian village, Sudan, Africa

The 3,500 year-old mud-brick Western Deffufa, the seat of the first independent kingdom of Kush, Kerma, Sudan, Africa

The grounds surrounding the 3,500 year-old mud-brick Western Deffufa, the seat of the first independent kingdom of Kush, Kerma, Sudan, Africa

The 3,500 year-old mud-brick Western Deffufa, the seat of the first independent kingdom of Kush, Kerma, Sudan, Africa

The early Nubian city of Kerma after excavation by the Swiss team of Professor Charles Bonnet of the University of Geneva, Suda, Africa

The grounds surrounding the 3,500 year-old mud-brick Western Deffufa, the seat of the first independent kingdom of Kush, Kerma, Sudan, Africa

The early Nubian city of Kerma after excavation by the Swiss team of Professor Charles Bonnet of the University of Geneva, Suda, Africa

The early Nubian city of Kerma after excavation by the Swiss team of Professor Charles Bonnet of the University of Geneva, Sudan, Africa

The early Nubian city of Kerma after excavation by the Swiss team of Professor Charles Bonnet of the University of Geneva, Suda, Africa

The early Nubian city of Kerma after excavation by the Swiss team of Professor Charles Bonnet of the University of Geneva, Sudan, Africa