A local boy grinds millet by hand using a huge mortar and pestle, Tsaranoro Velley, Andringitra National Park, near the provincial city of Fianarantsoa, southern Madagsacar, Africa

Pounding coffee beans in Ngiresi village, Tanzania

Guayusa Upina Ceremony, Sinchi Warmi, Amazonia, Napo Province, Ecuador

Genoese pesto sauce, garlic, basil, olive oil, cheese, salt, pestle and mortar, Genoa, Italy, Europe

A woman uses a traditional wooden pestle and mortar to grind freshly roasted coffee beans, Ethiopia, Africa

A woman pounding millet using a traditional wooden pestle and mortar at her home compound, Uganda, Africa

Pepper

Zambia kaunga mashi village, shangombo district (near the angolan border). Pounding grain

Tanzanian women pounding cassava and dried banana in a wooden mortar and pestle in the traditional way. Kighare, same, in the north-east near kilimanjaro

Variety of spice ingredients on table

Lavender.

Mortar and pestle with crushed cacao