Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae), at breeding colony at Brown Bluff on the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adult gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua), leaping off ice shelf at Cuverville Island, Antarctica, Southern Ocean, Polar Regions

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae), leaping into the sea at Booth Island, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

An adult Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) leaping into the sea to forage in the Danger Island Group in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adult Southern Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) in the Falkland Islands. This is the smallest yellow-crested, black-and-white penguin in the genus Eudyptes. It reaches a length of 45-58 cm (18-23 in) and typically weighs 2-3.4 kg (4.4-7.5 lb), although there are records of exceptionally large rockhoppers weighing 5 kg (11 lbs). Their common name refers to the fact that unlike many other penguins which negotiate obstacles by sliding on their bellies or by awkward climbing using their flipper-like wings as aid, Rockhoppers will try to jump over boulders and across cracks. This behavior is by no means unique to this species however - at least the other "crested" penguins of the genus Eudyptes hop around rocks too. Southern Rockhopper Penguins have a global population of roughly 1 million pairs, perhaps a bit more. About two-thirds of the global population belongs to E. c. chrysocome which breeds on the Falkland Islands and on islands off Argentina and southern Chile. The Southern Rockhopper Penguin is classified as Vulnerable species by the IUCN.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) leaping off an iceberg to return to the sea to feed on Devil Island near the Antarctic Peninsula.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adult Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) porpoising near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adult macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) plunging into the sea leaving their breeding colony at Elsehul on South Georgia, Southern Ocean

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) in Antarctica

Adult Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) leaping from the sea onto ice floes near Heroina Island in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica. This penguin species is totally dependant on ice.

An adult Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) leaping into the sea to forage in the Danger Island Group in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony at Baily Head on Deception Island, South Shetland Island Group, Antarctica

Adult macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) plunging into the sea leaving their breeding colony at Elsehul on South Georgia, Southern Ocean

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) in surf conditions at Baily Head on Deception Island, South Shetland Island Group, Antarctica

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) in surf conditions at Baily Head on Deception Island, South Shetland Island Group, Antarctica

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adult chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) hopping from rock to rock after returning from the sea to feed its chicks on Elephant Island, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) in surf conditions at Baily Head on Deception Island, South Shetland Island Group, Antarctica

An adult Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) pair leaping into the sea from an ice floe in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Adult Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) leaping onto icebergs near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) in surf conditions at Baily Head on Deception Island, South Shetland Island Group, Antarctica

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony on the Antarctic Peninsula

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) in surf conditions at Baily Head on Deception Island, South Shetland Island Group, Antarctica

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) in surf conditions at Baily Head on Deception Island, South Shetland Island Group, Antarctica

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) in surf conditions at Baily Head on Deception Island, South Shetland Island Group, Antarctica

Adult Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) leaping into the ocean off icebergs near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) hopping from rock to rock after returning from feeding at sea on Elephant Island, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) in surf conditions at Baily Head on Deception Island, South Shetland Island Group, Antarctica

King penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) breeding and nesting colony on South Georgia Island, Southern Ocean.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adult Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) leaping into the ocean off icebergs near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) in surf conditions at Baily Head on Deception Island, South Shetland Island Group, Antarctica

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) in surf conditions at Baily Head on Deception Island, South Shetland Island Group, Antarctica

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony on the Antarctic Peninsula

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Gentoo penguins (Pygocelis papua papua) jumping into sea water, Sea Lion Island, Falkland Islands, South America

Gentoo penguins (Pygocelis papua papua) jumping out of the water, Sea Lion Island, Falkland Islands, South America

Emperor Penguin jumping out of the water, Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf, Queen Maud Land Coast, Weddell Sea, Antarctica

Rockhopper Penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome), subspecies western rockhopper penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome). Climbing down the cliffs to jump into the sea. South America, Falkland Islands, January

Jumping into the sea from a steep cliff on Bleaker Island. Rockhopper Penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome), subspecies Southern Rockhopper Penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome). South America, Falkland Islands, January

Rockhopper Penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome), subspecies western rockhopper penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome). Climbing down the cliffs to jump into the sea. South America, Falkland Islands, January

Coming ashore on a sandy beach. Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) in the Falkland Islands. South America, Falkland, January

Three Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) watch another jumping between two ice floes. They have black heads and backs with white bellies. Shot with a Nikon D810 on Brown Bluff; Antarctica

Porpoising Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua), Bleaker island, Falkland, January 2018