Adult beachmaster bull southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) holding female down with his weight, South Georgia, Polar Regions

Adult bull southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) fighting for breeding grounds on South Georgia Island, Southern Ocean

Polar Bear (Ursa maritimus) on sea ice off the sub-arctic coast of Hudson Bay, Churchill, Manitoba, Canada. Bears come to the coast of Hudson Bay in Fall waiting for the ice to freeze, and looking for a careless seal or dead whale to wash up. Global warming has shortened their winter so they are increasingly anxious as they wait for winter. While they wait, they engage in frequent wrestling matches to determine a mating hierarchy for the breeding season in March and April, and regularly check on the ice to see if it will carry them out to sea.