Cape Buffalo (African buffalo) (Syncerus caffer), white-naped raven (white-necked raven) (Corvus albicollis) and a yellow-billed oxpecker (Buphagus africanus), Ngorongoro Crater, Tanzania, East Africa, Africa

African forest buffalo (Syncerus caffer nanus) with yellow-billed oxpeckers (Buphagus africanus) clinging to its flanks, Parc de la Lekedi, Haut-Ogooue, Gabon, Africa

Yellow-billed oxpecker (Buphagus africanus) on a Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer), Kruger National Park, South Africa, Africa

Cape Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) with a Yellow-billed Oxpecker (Buphagus africanus), Kruger National Park, South Africa, Africa

Masai giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi) and yellow-billed oxpecker (Buphagus africanus), Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, East Africa, Africa

Several yellow-billed oxpecker (Buphagus africanus) on a Masai giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi), Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, East Africa, Africa

Cape buffalo or African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) with yellow-billed oxpecker (Buphagus africanus), Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya, East Africa, Africa

Black rhinoceros or hook-lipped rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) feeding, with yellow-billed oxpecker (Buphagus africanus), Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya, East Africa, Africa

Black rhinoceros or hook-lipped rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) with yellow-billed oxpecker (Buphagus africanus), Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya, East Africa, Africa

African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) or Cape buffalo drinking from river, with yellow-billed oxpecker (Buphagus africanus), Masai Mara National Park, Kenya, Africa

African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) and Yellow-billed Oxpecker (Buphagus africanus), Masai Mara, Kenya, Africa

Two yellow-billed oxpecker (Buphagus africanus) clinging to Masai giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchii), Serengeti National Park, Tanzania

Two yellow-billed oxpeckers (Buphagus africanus) in Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) nostrils, Klein's Camp, Serengeti National Park; Tanzania

A yellow-billed oxpecker, Buphagus africanus, perches on an animal, green background, Sabi Sands, Greater Kruger National Park, South Africa

A yellow-billed oxpecker bird, Buphagus africanus, sitting, looking out of frame, Londolozi Wildlife Reserve, Sabi Sands, South Africa