Adult gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua), walking on the penguin highway on Cuverville Island, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adult king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) at breeding colony at St. Andrews Bay, South Georgia, UK Overseas Protectorate, Polar Regions

Adult gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) feeding chick at Jougla Point, Wiencke Island, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adult gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) on nest with chicks at Gold Harbor, South Georgia Island, Polar Regions

Adult gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua), feeding its chick on Prion Island, Bay of Isles, South Georgia, Polar Regions

Adult gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) on the beach with king penguins at Gold Harbor, South Georgia Island, Polar Regions

Adult gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua), on brash ice in Neko Harbor, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adult gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua), amongst king penguins in Gold Harbor, South Georgia, Polar Regions

Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) adult with two chicks begging for food, Ronge Island, Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Tourists photographing king penguin chicks at Salisbury Plain, South Georgia Island, Antarctica

An adult King penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) feeding its chick, Volunteer Point, East Falkland, Falkland Islands, South Atlantic, South America

Tourists photographing king penguin chicks at Salisbury Plain, South Georgia Island, Antarctica

Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) adult and chick, Ronge Island, Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) adult with chick begging for food, Ronge Island, Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Gentoo penguin adult and chicks (Pygoscelis papua), Hannah Point, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Gentoo penguin adult and chicks (Pygoscelis papua), Hannah Point, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adult chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarcticus) feeding chick, Neko Harbour, Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Gentoo penguin adult (Pygoscelis papua) feeding chicks, Hannah Point, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adult Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) and chicks on nest, Neko Harbour, Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) adult feeding chicks, Hannah Point, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adult Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) and chick on nest, with mountains and glaciers in background, Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adult Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) and chicks on nest, Neko Harbour, Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Gentoo penguin adult and chicks (Pygoscelis papua) in colony, Hannah Point, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarcticus) adult and chick, Hannah Point, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adult Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua), Neko Harbour, Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adult Gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) jumping on rocks, Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica, Polar Regions

King penguin (aptenodytes patagonicus) right whale bay, south georgia, close-up of head and neck

Adult adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) on iceberg off Paulet Island, Weddell Sea, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae), chicks chasing adult for food, Shingle Cove, Livingston Island, Antarctica, Polar Regions

Adult Adelie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) stealing rocks for a nest near the Antarctic Peninsula.

Adult Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) on iceberg near the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

Guests from the Lindblad Expedition ship National Geographic Explorer kayaking in and around the Antarctic Peninsula in the summer months.

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) split view underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Adult emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) on sea ice near Snow Hill Island in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Adult emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) on sea ice near Snow Hill Island in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Adult female leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) stalking, then killing and eating an adult gentoo penguin in Paradise Bay, Antarctica, Southern Ocean

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) foraging underwater on small baitfish in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Adult Antarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus gazella) killing and then eating a king penguin on the island of South Georgia, southern Atlantic Ocean

A parent and chick Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) on Paulet Island on the Northeast side of the Antarctic Peninsula.

King penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) with introduced reindeer at breeding and nesting colony at St. Andrews Bay on South Georgia, Southern Ocean.

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) hunting fish underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Adult emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) on sea ice near Snow Hill Island in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Adult Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) inspecting a non-viable egg at Devil Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Adelie penguins are truly an ice dependant penguin species.

Adelie penguin chick (Pygoscelis adeliae) fledging its downy feathers for the adult feathers underneath on Devil Island, Antarctica.

Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) chicks covered with mud and guano on Cuverville Island, Antarctica, Southern Ocean

Adult emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) on sea ice near Snow Hill Island in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Adult southern rockhopper penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) at breeding and molting colony on New Island in the Falkland Islands, South Atlantic Ocean

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) hunting fish underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) hauled out on Isabela Island in the Galapagos Island Archipelago, Ecuador

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) hunting fish underwater near snorkeler in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) split view underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Adult emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) on sea ice near Snow Hill Island in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Adult gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) going and returning from sea to feed, Neko Harbour in Andvord Bay, Antarctica

Lindblad Expeditions guests on board the National Geographic Explorer with a lone adult emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) on sea ice, Antarctica

A leucistic Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) adult feeding its "normal" colored chicks on Devil Island near the Antarctic Peninsula

Adult Southern Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) in the Falkland Islands

An adult Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) leaping into the sea to forage in the Danger Island Group in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Curious king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) breeding and nesting colony at St. Andrews Bay on South Georgia, Southern Ocean.

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) foraging underwater on small baitfish in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

An adult Leucistic Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) nesting and incubating two eggs at Gabriel Gonzales Videla Research Station, Antarctica

Macaroni Penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) in Elsehul Bay on South Georgia Island in the Southern Ocean

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) hunting fish underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Researchers from OCEANITES counting penguins from the Lindblad Expedition ship National Geographic Explorer (shown here is )working in Antarctica

Adult emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) on sea ice near Snow Hill Island in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Adult Southern Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) in the Falkland Islands

Adult emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) foot print on frsh snow near Snow Hill Island in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Adult Southern Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) in the Falkland Islands

Natural history staff from the Lindblad Expedition ship National Geographic Explorer doing various things in and around the Antarctic Peninsula

Adult macaroni penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus) in Elsehul Bay on South Georgia, Southern Ocean

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) split view underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

King penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) breeding and nesting colony on South Georgia Island, Southern Ocean.

Adult female leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) stalking, then killing and eating an adult gentoo penguin in Paradise Bay, Antarctica, Southern Ocean

Antarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus gazella) during snow storm at Brown Bluff on the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica, Southern Ocean

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) foraging underwater on small baitfish in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

King penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) breeding and nesting colony at Salisbury Plains in the Bay of Isles, South Georgia, Southern Ocean.

Adult emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) on sea ice near Snow Hill Island in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Lindblad Expeditions guests with a lone adult emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) on sea ice in the Gullet between Adelaide Island and the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica.

A lone adult king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) among nesting colonies of gentoo and chinstrap penguins on Barrentos Island, Aitcho Island Group, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica

Adult Southern Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) in the Falkland Islands

Adult female leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) stalking, then killing and eating an adult gentoo penguin in Paradise Bay, Antarctica, Southern Ocean

A banded Adult Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) resting among gentoo and chinstrap colonies on Barrentos Island in the Aitcho Island Group, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica

The Lindblad Expedition ship National Geographic Explorer operating in and around the Antarctic peninsula in Antarctica

Adult female leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) stalking, then killing and eating an adult gentoo penguin in Paradise Bay, Antarctica, Southern Ocean

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) split view underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) hunting fish underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) foraging underwater on small baitfish in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Adult female leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) stalking, then killing and eating an adult gentoo penguin in Paradise Bay, Antarctica, Southern Ocean

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) hunting fish underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

A lone adult Macaroni Penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus) among a chinstrap penguin colony at Point Wild on Elephant Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) hunting fish underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Adult emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) on sea ice near Snow Hill Island in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Adult macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) porpoising for speed while traveling to their breeding colony on South Georgia, Southern Ocean

Adult rockhopper penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome moseleyi) "hopping" on Nightingale Island in the Tristan da Cunha Island Group, South Atlantic Ocean

Adult Southern Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) in the Falkland Islands. This is the smallest yellow-crested, black-and-white penguin in the genus Eudyptes. It reaches a length of 45-58 cm (18-23 in) and typically weighs 2-3.4 kg (4.4-7.5 lb), although there are records of exceptionally large rockhoppers weighing 5 kg (11 lbs). Their common name refers to the fact that unlike many other penguins which negotiate obstacles by sliding on their bellies or by awkward climbing using their flipper-like wings as aid, Rockhoppers will try to jump over boulders and across cracks. This behavior is by no means unique to this species however - at least the other "crested" penguins of the genus Eudyptes hop around rocks too. Southern Rockhopper Penguins have a global population of roughly 1 million pairs, perhaps a bit more. About two-thirds of the global population belongs to E. c. chrysocome which breeds on the Falkland Islands and on islands off Argentina and southern Chile. The Southern Rockhopper Penguin is classified as Vulnerable species by the IUCN.

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) split view underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Rockhopper Penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome) (head detail) at Devil's Nose on New Island in the Falkland Islands, South Atlantic Ocean.

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) hunting fish underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Adult macaroni penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus) on Elephant Island, South Shetlands, Antarctica

Adult Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) hunting fish underwater in the Galapagos Island Group, Ecuador

Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) parent feeding downy chick on Pleneau Island, near the Antarctic Peninsula.